In Vietnamese, we
sometimes mention other nations with some special names based on its
characteristics.
The official name of
Japan in Vietnamese is Nhật Bản, which directly comes from the Sino-Vietnamese
words of the characters 日本.
Japan can be referred as
"nation of rising sun", "land of cherry blossom 桜", "land of
Fusou 扶桑" (In Vietnamese: Đất nước mặt trời mọc, xứ sở Hoa anh đào
and xứ sở Phù Tang respectively).
"Nation of rising sun" (Đất nước mặt trời mọc) comes from the fact that among Eastern Asian countries, Japan is located furthest to the East and welcome the sun earliest in the morning. "Land of cherry blossom" comes from the fact that Japan is very famous for this flower. And about the name Fusou, in ancient time, Fusou is believe to be a mythic tree where the Sun rest and start to rising in the morning.
The official name of
South Korea in Vietnamese is Hàn Quốc, which directly comes from the
Sino-Vietnamese words of the characters 韓國 (韩国) or Đại Hàn Dân Quốc,
which comes from the Sino-Vietnamese words of 대한민국 (大韓民國大韩民国).
South Korean is named
"land of kimchi", "land of ginseng" (In Vietnamese: Xứ sở
kim chi, xứ sở nhân sâm respectively). That's is simply because Korean is well
known for kimchi and ginseng.
The name Vietnam (Việt
Nam) has a Sino-Vietnamese origin and can be directly referred as 越南. The name Vietnam in
Japanese and Korean, however, comes from its Latin name and pronunciation ( ベトナム Betonamu and 베트남 Beteunam). Anyway, it's
somehow related to how the Vietnamese people call their nation in reality.
Because the Vietnamese,
Korean and Japanese languages adopt a large quantity of words coming from
Chinese language during a variety of period. So the words of the same origin
may differ in pronunciation and even meanings. I would like to summary my post
with a matrix of the names in those languages.
|
|
Vietnamese |
Chinese (Mandarin) |
Japanese |
Korean |
|
Vietnam |
Việt Nam |
Trung Quốc |
Nhật Bản |
Hàn Quốc |
|
China |
越南 (Yuènán) |
中華, 中华 (zhōnghuá) |
日本 (rìběn) |
韓國, 韩国 (hánguó) |
|
Japan |
베트남 (beteunam) |
중국 (jung-gug) |
일본 (ilbon) |
한국 (hangug) |
|
Korea |
ベトナム(Betonamu) |
中国 (Chūgoku) |
日本 (Nihon) |
韓国 (Kankoku) |
Quangngai, September, 20th,2021 - December, 03rd, 2022
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